ABB PXAH401 Tension sensor

Jointed reinforced concrete pavements (JRCP) contain steel mesh reinforcement (sometimes called distributed steel). In JRCP, designers intentionally increase the joint spacing and include reinforcing steel to hold together mid-panel cracks. The spacing between transverse joints is typically 30 feet or more. Because of performance issues caused by the embedded steel being incapable of holding together mid-panel cracking and the resultant erosion/faulting of such cracks that include no load transfer devices and other joint-related issues, only a handful of agencies still employ JPCP designs.

Concrete Pavement Basics

Continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP) do not require any transverse contraction joints. Transverse cracks are expected in the slab, usually at intervals of 3-5 feet. CRCP is designed with enough steel (approximately 0.6-0.7% by cross-sectional area) so that cracks are held together tightly. Determining an appropriate spacing between the cracks is part of the design process for this type of pavement. CRCP designs generally cost more than JPCP or JRCP designs initially due to increased quantities of steel. However, they can demonstrate superior long-term performance and cost-effectiveness. A number of agencies choose to use CRCP designs in their heavy urban traffic corridors.

Concrete Overlays 

With the exception of pervious concrete pavement, which relies on drainage through its subbase and into the subgrade to function properly, all types of concrete pavements can be used as overlays of existing concrete, asphalt, or composite pavements. Even though the first concrete overlays date back to the early 1910s and at least 375 concrete overlays had been constructed by 1981, the use of concrete overlays did not become a nationally accepted practice until the mid2000s. Tightening budgets and increases in the cost and volatility of asphalt led engineers to look for a long-term cost-effective and sustainable solution, which they found in the form of concrete overlays; concrete overlays can be designed for service lives of 5-30+years and such increases in remaining service life of the roadway section are accomplished without costly reconstruction of the section. As of 2004, the total square yards of concrete overlays thinner than 6 inches in the United States was approximately 1.2 million. Due largely to a sustained education and implementation effort by industry and FHWA, the widespread adoption of thin concrete overlay technologies across the country led to over 8 million square yards of concrete overlays thinner than 6 inches having been constructed in 2009 and 2010

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